Coaching Centre
Chapter 5: Chemical Change Notes
Physical and chemical change, the signs of a chemical reaction, word equations and conservation of mass, energy in reactions, chemistry in cooking and nature, and how chemists make fuels, plastics, medicines and new materials.
Sections
-
5A Physical and chemical change Mastered
The difference between physical and chemical changes in terms of particles, new substances, reversibility and energy, with everyday examples and the particle model.
-
5B Signs of chemical change Mastered
The evidence that a chemical reaction has happened: gas, permanent colour change, a precipitate, temperature change and light, with tests for common gases, how airbags work and what makes iron rust.
-
5C Chemical equations and conservation of mass Mastered
Reactants and products, writing word equations, reading symbol equations, common types of reaction, and the law of conservation of mass in open and closed systems.
-
5D Energy in reactions Mastered
Exothermic and endothermic reactions, why breaking and making bonds involves energy, activation energy and catalysts, and how hand warmers, glow sticks, ice packs, thermite and dynamite use energy changes.
-
5E Chemistry in the kitchen Mastered
The chemical reactions of cooking, including browning, baking soda and baking powder, fermentation by yeast and bacteria, food additives, and how First Nations Australians used physical and chemical processes to make toxic plant foods safe.
-
5F Chemistry in nature Mastered
Photosynthesis and respiration as chemical reactions, the test for starch and for carbon dioxide, chemical weathering by oxidation and acids, limestone caves, acid rain, the pH scale and acid sulfate soils.
-
5G Fuels, plastics and fabrics Mastered
Fossil fuels and petrochemicals, separating crude oil by fractional distillation, how monomers join to make polymers, plastics and synthetic fabrics, thermoplastics and thermosets, bioplastics and recycling.
-
5H Medicines and new materials Mastered
How medicines are discovered and developed, from willow bark and First Nations bush medicines to penicillin and modern drug trials, antibiotic resistance, and how scientists collaborate to obtain aluminium, oxygen, dyes and new materials from the Earth's spheres.
-
5I Chemical change review Mastered
A summary of the whole Chemical Change chapter, key words, and a mixed test covering physical and chemical change, signs of reactions, equations and conservation of mass, energy, cooking, nature, polymers and medicines.