Coaching Centre
Module 1: Properties and Structure of Matter Notes
What matter is made of: atoms, the periodic table, chemical bonding, and how structure explains properties.
Sections
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1A Classifying and separating matter Mastered
Pure substances and mixtures, elements and compounds, homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures, physical properties used to identify substances, choosing a separation technique, and gravimetric analysis to find the percentage composition of a mixture.
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1B Atoms, isotopes and relative atomic mass Mastered
Protons, neutrons and electrons, nuclide notation for atoms and ions, isotopes and their properties, mass spectra, and calculating relative atomic mass and isotopic abundance.
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1C Radioactivity and nuclear stability Mastered
Why some nuclei are unstable, the band of stability and the neutron-to-proton ratio, alpha, beta and gamma radiation, balancing nuclear equations, decay series, half-life and uses of radioisotopes in Australia.
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1D Electron configurations and orbitals Mastered
Energy levels, s, p, d and f subshells and orbitals, the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule, writing full and noble-gas electron configurations and orbital box diagrams, exceptions such as chromium and copper, configurations of ions, and the blocks of the periodic table.
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1E Emission spectra and models of the atom Mastered
Photon energy and wavelength, how excited electrons produce line emission spectra, the flame test investigation and its limitations, and the Bohr and Schrödinger models of the atom compared.
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1F Periodic trends Mastered
Trends in atomic radius, ionisation energy, electronegativity, metallic character, reactivity and melting point across periods and down groups, explained with nuclear charge, shielding and electron configuration, plus successive ionisation energies and ionic radii.
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1G Ionic and metallic bonding Mastered
Bonding as electrostatic attraction, forming ions and ionic lattices, electron-dot diagrams for ionic compounds, writing formulae and naming ionic compounds including polyatomic ions, metallic bonding and alloys, the properties these structures produce, and electronegativity difference as a guide to bond type.
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1H Covalent bonding and molecular shape Mastered
Covalent bonds as shared electron pairs, single, double, triple and coordinate bonds, drawing Lewis (electron-dot) structures, naming covalent compounds, VSEPR theory for predicting molecular shapes and bond angles, and bond and molecular polarity.
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1I Intermolecular forces, networks and allotropes Mastered
Dispersion forces, dipole–dipole forces and hydrogen bonding, how they explain boiling points, solubility and the unusual properties of water, covalent network solids, allotropes of carbon, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus, and how to predict the properties of a substance from its structure.
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1J Module 1 review Mastered
Review of Module 1 Properties and Structure of Matter: summary table, how the ideas connect, a worked exam-style problem that links atomic structure to bonding and properties, key terms and formulas, and a mixed HSC-style test.