Chapter 2: Vectors Notes

Vectors in two and three dimensions: notation, addition and scalar multiples, components and unit vectors, the dot product, angles between vectors, and projections.

Sections

  1. 2A Introducing vectors Mastered

    Vectors as directed line segments, magnitude, equal, opposite, parallel and zero vectors, adding vectors head to tail and by the parallelogram rule, subtraction, and scalar multiples.

  2. 2B Components of vectors Mastered

    The unit vectors i and j, components and column vector notation, magnitude and direction from components, unit vectors, operations with components, position vectors, and vectors between two points.

  3. 2C The dot product Mastered

    The dot product or scalar product defined geometrically, the angle between two vectors, perpendicular vectors, the algebraic laws for the dot product, and using it to prove geometric results.

  4. 2D Three-dimensional space Mastered

    Coordinates in three dimensions, right-handed axes, the coordinate planes, distances and midpoints in space, and the equation of a sphere.

  5. 2E Vectors in three dimensions Mastered

    The unit vectors i, j and k, components and column vectors in three dimensions, magnitude, unit vectors, operations with components, position vectors, and parallel vectors and collinear points.

  6. 2F The dot product with components Mastered

    The component formula for the dot product in two and three dimensions, its proof from the distributive law, finding angles between vectors, testing for perpendicular vectors, and finding unknown components.

  7. 2G Projections Mastered

    The projection of one vector onto another, its length, the component of a vector perpendicular to another, resolving a vector into perpendicular parts, and the distance from a point to a line.

Formula sheet